Ibikoresho byinshi ntabwo bigoye kuvana muri silo. Bimwe bisohoka hamwe na intervention ntoya. Abandi bakeneye iminsi yo inyundo, gutema, no gucukura. Gusobanukirwa impamvu ibikoresho bitandukanye mubibazo byogusukura nintambwe yambere yo gutegura ingamba nziza zo gukora isuku no guhitamo uburyo bukwiye bwo gutabara.
Iyi ngingo itanga umurongo ngenderwaho wibikoresho byerekana isuku igoye. Irasobanura uburyo buri mutungo ugira ingaruka kumyitwarire yo gukusanya hamwe nibisabwa byogusukura. Itanga ibizamini byoroshye abashinzwe inganda bashobora gukora kugirango baranga ibikoresho byabo. Kandi itanga ubuyobozi kubijyanye no guhuza uburyo bwo gukora isuku kubintu bifatika.
Ingano nini nogukwirakwiza
Ingano ya Particle nigikoresho kigaragara cyane, kandi gifite ingaruka itaziguye yo gukora isuku.
Ibikoresho bito, hamwe nuduce turenze milimetero eshanu, mubisanzwe biroroshye gusukura kuruta ibikoresho byiza. Ibice bifite ubuso buke kuri buri gice cya misa, bivuze ko agace gake kaboneka kumbaraga zifatika. Ntibakunze no gushiraho inkingi zifatanije. Imashini ya mashini irashobora kubaho mugihe ibice binini bifatanye, ariko mubisanzwe biroroshye kumeneka kuruta ibiti bifatanye mubikoresho byiza.
Ibikoresho byiza, hamwe nuduce duto duto twa microne ijana, biragoye cyane kuyisukura. Ubuso burebure kuri buri gice butuma imbaraga za der der Waals zikomeye hamwe na electrostatike ikurura. Ibikoresho byiza bihuriza hamwe mukibazo kandi bikagira imbaraga mugihe. Bakora ibintu byinshi, bibitse birwanya ihungabana ryimashini.
Ingano yubunini bwagabanijwe, ntabwo ingano yikigereranyo gusa, nayo ifite akamaro. Ibikoresho bifite ubunini bwagutse, bivuze kuvanga ibice binini na bito, akenshi biragoye kubisukura kuruta ibikoresho bifite igabanywa rito. Utuntu duto duto twuzuza umwanya uri hagati yinini nini, bigapakira ibintu byinshi bifatanye cyane.
Isuzuma rifatika ryubunini buke ntirisaba ibikoresho bya laboratoire. Isesengura ryoroshye rya elegitoronike ukoresheje ecran isanzwe itanga amakuru yingirakamaro. Ku ba injeniyeri benshi b’ibihingwa, itandukaniro rijyanye ni ukumenya niba ibikoresho ari bito bihagije ku buryo byakoreshwa n’ibikoresho byoroshye cyangwa byiza bihagije ku buryo bisaba ibikoresho bikoresha ingufu cyangwa amazi.
Ibirimwo
Ubushuhe nimwe mubintu byingenzi mugusukura ingorane kubikoresho byinshi. Ibikoresho byumye kandi bitemba byubusa birashobora gukomera kandi bitimuka mugihe ubuhehere bwiyongereye.
Ingaruka yubushuhe buterwa nibikoresho. Kuri poro nyinshi, hari ibintu byinshi bifite ubuhehere bukabije hejuru bitemba. Munsi yuru rwego, ibikoresho bitwara nkubuntu butemba neza. Hejuru yacyo, ibikoresho biteza imbere imbaraga zifatika ziyongera hamwe nubushuhe. Urwego rukomeye rw'ubushuhe buratandukanye cyane. Isima irashobora kwerekana ingaruka kurwego rwubushyuhe buke munsi yijana. Ibindi bikoresho birashobora kwihanganira icumi ku ijana cyangwa birenga mbere yo kuba ikibazo.
Ubushuhe nabwo bugira ingaruka ku isuku muburyo bwa kabiri. Iyo amazi yongeweho kugirango akureho ikibujijwe, haba mumazi cyangwa mumazi, birashobora gutuma ibikoresho bisigaye bikomera cyangwa bigashyirwaho. Isima na lime ni ingero za kera aho kongeramo amazi bituma ikibazo gikomera aho kuba cyiza.
Gupima ibirimo ubuhehere bisaba ibikoresho byoroshye. Imetero yubushuhe cyangwa ifuru ya laboratoire irashobora gutanga amakuru yuzuye. Ndetse isuzuma ryujuje ubuziranenge, nko gukanda ibintu bike no kureba niba bifatanyiriza hamwe, bitanga amakuru y'ingirakamaro mu gufata ibyemezo byo gufata ingamba.
Kubikoresho bitunganya ibikoresho byoroshye, kugenzura ubushuhe akenshi bigira akamaro kuruta gucunga isuku. Gufunga neza igisenge, kashe nziza yo gusohoka no gusohoka, hamwe numwuka uhumeka birashobora kugabanya kwinjiza no kugabanya inshuro zogusukura.
Guhuriza hamwe no kuruhande
Guhuriza hamwe nimbaraga zimbere yibikoresho byinshi. Ibikoresho bifite ubumwe bwinshi bifatanye kandi bikarwanya gutemba. Ibikoresho bifite cohesion nkeya bitemba byoroshye.
Guhuriza hamwe akenshi bifitanye isano nubunini nubushuhe, ariko ni umutungo wihariye. Bimwe mubikoresho byiza, byumye bifite ubumwe buke kandi bitemba mubuntu. Abandi, niyo byumye, bafite ubumwe bwinshi bitewe nuburyo buke cyangwa ingaruka za electrostatike.
Inguni yo kuruhuka ni ikimenyetso gifatika cyo guhuriza hamwe. Ngiyo inguni ntarengwa aho ikirundo cyibikoresho gishobora gutondekwa mbere yuko gisenyuka. Ibikoresho bifite inguni ntoya ya repose, munsi ya dogere mirongo itatu, bifite ubumwe buke kandi bitemba byoroshye. Ibikoresho bifite impande ndende zo kuruhuka, hejuru ya dogere mirongo ine neshanu, bifite ubumwe bwinshi kandi biragoye gutemba.
Gupima inguni ya repose bisaba gusa gusuka ibintu hejuru yuburinganire no gupima inguni ya cone yavuyemo. Iki kizamini kirashobora gukorwa hamwe nicyitegererezo gito muri laboratoire yibihingwa cyangwa no mububiko bwo kubungabunga.
Ibikoresho byinshi bihuza bisaba uburyo bwogukora isuku. Kunyeganyega byoroshye cyangwa inkoni ntibishobora kuba bihagije. Kumena amashanyarazi, gufata amazi, cyangwa ibikoresho byo gusenya byakorewe kure birashobora kuba nkenerwa. Ibikoresho bike byo guhuzagurika birashobora guhanagurwa hamwe no kunyeganyega cyangwa gukubita.
Gukomera no Kwikuramo
Gukomera ni ukurwanya ibikoresho kubangamira imashini. Ibikoresho bikomeye biragoye kumeneka. Ibikoresho byoroshye biroroshye kumeneka.
Gukomera biba ingirakamaro mugihe ibikoresho byahujwe mububiko bukomeye. Kubitsa sima birashobora kugera kuburemere ugereranije na beto. Bamwe mu bahuza imiti barashobora gukora imitsi ikomeye cyane irwanya imashini.
Gukuraho ibintu bifitanye isano no gukomera ariko bivuga ingaruka yibikoresho kubikoresho. Ibikoresho byo gukuraho bisenya inama zimena, ibikoresho byo gukata, hamwe na silo. Gukuraho cyane byongera ikiguzi cyogusukura no kwangiza silo.
Kugerageza gukomera ntibisaba ibikoresho kabuhariwe. Ikizamini cyoroshye cyo gushushanya, gisa nubushakashatsi bwimbaraga, birashobora gutanga igereranyo. Ibikoresho bishobora gushushanywa nicyuma cyo mu mufuka biroroshye. Ibikoresho bitesha icyuma birakomeye. Ibikoresho bidashobora gushushanywa na gato birakomeye kandi bizakenera ibikoresho kabuhariwe byo kubikuraho.
Ibikoresho bikomeye bisaba gufata amazi nkuburyo bwambere bwo gukuraho. Gutwara amazi bigabanya kubitsa bitarinze kwambara no kumenagura imashini zangiza. Umuvuduko wamazi ugomba guhuzwa nuburemere bwibintu. Ibikoresho byoroshye birashobora kwangizwa numuvuduko ukabije.
Imikorere ya Flow na Compressibility
Imikorere ya Flow ni isano iri hagati yimyitwarire ikoreshwa mubintu nubushobozi bwayo bwo gutemba. Nibintu byuzuye biranga imyitwarire itemba, ariko bisaba kwipimisha muri laboratoire kugirango umenye neza.
Kubikorwa bifatika, compressible ikora nka proksi kumikorere yimikorere. Kwiyoroshya nigabanuka ryijwi riba mugihe ibintu byatewe nigitutu. Ibikoresho bifite compressible yo hejuru mubisanzwe biragoye gutemba kuko ibice bihurira hamwe.
Ikizamini cyoroheje cyo kwikuramo kirimo gushyira icyitegererezo cyibikoresho muri silinderi yarangije, gukoresha uburemere buzwi, no gupima kugabanuka kwijwi. Kugabanya amajwi nkijanisha ryijwi ryumwimerere ni compressible. Ibikoresho bifite compressible iri hejuru ya mirongo itatu ku ijana bifatwa nkigabanuka cyane kandi bigoye gutemba.
Ibikoresho byoroshye cyane bisaba kwitondera neza igishushanyo cya silo no gukora isuku inshuro. Bakunda guhuriza hamwe mugihe cyo kubika kandi birashobora gusaba isuku kenshi kuruta ibikoresho bidahwitse. Imfashanyo zitemba nkibisasu byo mu kirere cyangwa fluidizers akenshi bigira akamaro kubikoresho bigabanuka.
Ubushyuhe bukabije
Ubushyuhe bugira ingaruka kubintu byose no muburyo bwo gukora isuku. Ibikoresho bimwe byoroshye kubyitwaramo iyo bishyushye. Abandi baragorana.
Ibikoresho byoroshya ubushyuhe, nkibisigara bimwe na bimwe cyangwa asifalt, birashobora kugorana cyane kubisukura iyo bishyushye kuko biba bikomeye. Ibikoresho byaguka hamwe nubushyuhe birashobora kuba bike kandi bigatemba byoroshye. Ingaruka yubushyuhe nibintu byihariye kandi bigomba kugenwa kuri buri kibazo.
Ubushyuhe nabwo bugira ingaruka ku mutekano. Silos irimo ibikoresho bishyushye, nk'ivu ry'isazi biva mu mashanyarazi, byangiza abakozi n'ibikoresho. Kwoza silos ishyushye bisaba ubundi buryo bwo kwirinda umutekano.
Ingaruka ifatika yubushyuhe bukabije ni uko ingamba zo gukora isuku zishobora guhinduka hamwe nubushyuhe. Uburyo bukora ku bushyuhe bw’ibidukikije burashobora kunanirwa ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru. Ibikoresho bikoresha ibikoresho byubushyuhe bigomba gutekereza ku bushyuhe muri gahunda yo gukora isuku.
Ibikoresho bya Shimi
Imiterere yimiti yibikoresho bigira ingaruka kumyitwarire yayo ndetse numutekano wibikorwa byogusukura.
Ibikoresho bifata amazi, nka sima, lime, cyangwa bimwe mubitera imiti, bigorana kuyisukura mugihe hagaragaye ubushuhe. Gutwara amazi, bifite akamaro kubikoresho byinshi, ntibikwiye kubikoresho. Gukuraho imashini nuburyo bwatoranijwe.
Ibikoresho byangirika bisaba gukoreshwa bidasanzwe. Acide cyangwa ibikoresho byibanze birashobora kwangiza ibikoresho no kwangiza abakozi. Ibikoresho byogusukura bikoreshwa mubikoresho byangirika bigomba kuba bikozwe mubikoresho bihuye kandi birashobora gusaba uburyo bwihariye bwo gukora isuku.
Ibikoresho bifite uburozi cyangwa ibyago bisaba inzira zumutekano zikomeye. Uburyo bwo gukora isuku bugomba gukumira ivumbi no guhura. Ibikoresho bikoreshwa bya kure akenshi bikundwa kubikoresho bishobora guteza akaga kugirango abakozi bagabanuke.
Gusobanukirwa imiterere yimiti yibikoresho ni ngombwa muguhitamo uburyo bwiza bwo gukora isuku. Urupapuro rwumutekano wibikoresho rutanga aya makuru kandi rugomba gusubirwamo mbere yigikorwa icyo aricyo cyose cyogusukura.
Uburyo bwo Gusuzuma Ifatika
Abashinzwe inganda barashobora gusuzuma ibikoresho byabo bakoresheje uburyo bworoshye, buhendutse butanga amakuru yingirakamaro mugutegura isuku.
Ikizamini gito ni isuzuma ryoroshye. Fata ibikoresho bike hanyuma ubikande. Niba iguye iyo irekuwe, ifite ubumwe buke. Niba ifatanye hamwe, ifite ubumwe bwinshi. Ikizamini gike nacyo cyerekana ibirimo ubuhehere. Niba ibikoresho bisize ubuhehere ku ntoki, biratose.
Ikizamini cyikirundo gitanga inguni yamakuru. Suka ibikoresho hejuru yuburinganire hanyuma upime inguni yikirundo. Inguni ntoya yerekana neza. Inguni ndende yerekana urujya n'uruza.
Ikizamini cya scratch cyerekana ubukana. Gerageza gushushanya ibikoresho ukoresheje icyuma cyo mu mufuka. Niba ishushanyije byoroshye, biroroshye. Niba irwanya gushushanya, biragoye. Niba bidashobora gushushanywa, birakomeye cyane.
Ikizamini cyamazi cyerekana ububobere buke. Ongeramo amazi make kurugero. Niba ibikoresho bishyizeho cyangwa bigakomera, gufata amazi ntibikwiye. Niba ibikoresho bikomeje kurekurwa, gufata amazi birashobora kuba ingirakamaro.
Ikizamini cyo gukemura cyerekana kwikanyiza. Uzuza ikintu gisobanutse neza, koresha igitutu, kandi upime kugabanuka kwijwi. Kugabanya amajwi menshi byerekana kwikanyiza cyane hamwe ningorabahizi yo gutembera.
Ibi bizamini ntabwo aribyo. Ntabwo basimbuza ibizamini bya laboratoire. Ariko batanga ubuyobozi bwingirakamaro muguhitamo uburyo bwo gukora isuku kandi burahari kubusa.
Guhuza Ibiranga Uburyo bwo Gusukura
Ubuyobozi bukurikira butanga urwego rwo guhuza ibintu bifatika nuburyo bwo gukora isuku.
Ibikoresho byumye, bifatanye hamwe nibice binini hamwe nubushuhe buke nibyo byoroshye gusukura. Kunyeganyega cyangwa inkoni birahagije. Niba isuku ikenewe na gato, irashobora gukorwa nibikoresho byoroshye.
Ibikoresho byumye, byiza bifite ubuhehere buke ariko uduce duto dushobora gukomeza kuba ingorabahizi kubera imbaraga zifatika. Ikibunda cyo mu kirere cyangwa fluidizer akenshi bigira akamaro. Ibikoresho bikoreshwa kure birashobora gukenerwa kuburizwamo.
Ibikoresho bitose bifite ubuhehere bwinshi biragoye kubisukura muburyo bwibikoresho kuko ibikoresho bifatanye nibikoresho nibikoresho. Gutwara amazi birashobora kuba ingirakamaro, ariko mugihe gusa ibikoresho bidakoresheje amazi. Kubikoresho byoroshye byamazi, birakenewe kuvanaho imashini hamwe no kugenzura neza neza.
Ibikoresho bikomeye hamwe nuburemere bukomeye bisaba uburyo bukomeye. Ibikoresho byo gusenya bya kure bikoreshwa na hydraulic yameneka nuburyo bwatoranijwe. Gutwara amazi kumuvuduko mwinshi nabyo birashobora kuba ingirakamaro. Intoki zinjira hamwe nibikoresho byintoki ntibikwiye kubikoresho bikomeye.
Ibikoresho bivanaho bisaba ibikoresho biramba. Inama zimena nibikoresho byo gukata byambara vuba. Kubungabunga ibikoresho ni ngombwa. Gutwara amazi, bidafite ibice byo kwambara bihuye nibikoresho, birashobora guhitamo.
Ibikoresho bishobora guteza akaga bisaba uburyo bwa kure. Kwinjira kw'abakozi bigomba kwirindwa. Ibikoresho bikoreshwa kure, bibungabunzwe neza kandi bikoreshwa, nuburyo busanzwe.
Gukoresha Isuzuma ryibikoresho mugutegura gukumira
Isuzuma ryibikoresho ntabwo ari igikorwa kimwe. Ibikoresho bifatika bihinduka hamwe nisoko, gutunganya, nuburyo bwo kubika. Isuzuma risanzwe ryerekana ko uburyo bwo gukora isuku buguma bukwiye.
Mugihe isoko rishya ryatangijwe, kora ibizamini byoroshye byasobanuwe muriyi ngingo. Gereranya ibisubizo nibikoresho byabanjirije. Niba ibikoresho bishya bitandukanye cyane, hindura inshuro zogusukura nuburyo.
Mugihe impinduka zigihe zigira ingaruka kubirimo, hindura uburyo bwo gukora isuku. Ibikoresho byumye mu cyi birashobora kuba bitose mu gihe cy'itumba. Gahunda yisuku igomba kubara ibi bihe bitandukanye.
Iyo ibikoresho byo kubika igihe bihindutse, ongera usuzume imiterere yabyo. Ibikoresho bibitswe igihe kirekire birashobora gukomera no kugorana. Niba igihe cyo kubika cyiyongera, isuku irashobora gukenera gukaza umurego.
Andika ibisubizo by'isuzuma ryibikoresho. Komeza wandike ibintu bifatika kuri buri silo na buri bwoko bwibikoresho. Koresha iyi nyandiko kugirango uyobore ibyemezo byogusukura no kumenya inzira zishobora kwerekana ibibazo byiterambere.
Umwanzuro
Ibikoresho byerekana kugora isuku. Gusobanukirwa niyi miterere bituma abashinzwe inganda bahitamo uburyo bukwiye bwo gukora isuku, kugereranya igihe cyogusukura nigiciro, no gutegura kubungabunga ibidukikije.
Uburyo bworoshye bwo gusuzuma bwasobanuwe muriyi ngingo burahari kuri injeniyeri iyo ari yo yose idafite ibikoresho kabuhariwe. Ikizamini gito, ikizamini cyikirundo, ikizamini cya scratch, ikizamini cyamazi, hamwe nikizamini cyo gutura bitanga amakuru afatika ayobora ibyemezo byogusukura.
Umutungo wingenzi kubikoresho byinshi nibirimo ubuhehere. Ibikoresho byumye bitemba byoroshye kuruta ibikoresho bitose. Kugenzura ubuhehere ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo gukumira. Kubikoresho bidashobora kugenzurwa nubushuhe, uburyo bwo gukora isuku bugomba gutoranywa ukurikije indi miterere yabyo.
Ingano y'ibice, guhuriza hamwe, gukomera, kwikanyiza, ubushyuhe bwubushyuhe, hamwe nimiti ya chimique byose bigira ingaruka kubibazo byogusukura. Guhuza uburyo bwo gukora isuku niyi mitungo byongera amahirwe yo gutsinda kandi bigabanya igihe nigiciro cyo gukora isuku.
Ba injeniyeri b'ibihingwa bumva ibikoresho byabo bafata ibyemezo byiza byogusukura. Basukura mugihe gikenewe, ntabwo kuri gahunda yagenwe. Bahitamo uburyo bukora, ntabwo uburyo buboneka. Kandi bakumira ibibazo bateganya uburyo ibintu bifatika bizagira ingaruka kumikorere ya silo.
